KARL MARX’ ECOLOGY: TOTALIZATION OF SOCIAL METABOLISM

Abstract. The purpose of this article is to attempt a conceptual reconstruction Marx’s theory social metabolism. author shows that every living being exists due the exchange substances between itself and nature (the universal metabolism nature). A specific human generic form such praxis is, conscious transformative activity (social metabolism), basic which labor as an man/society nature, mediated by production, technique technology. Criticizing narrowly ecological, economic purely industrial interpretations concept metabolism, reduced modern ecological Marxists (P. Burkett, B. Clark, I. Mészáros, J. Moore, C. Royle, K. Saito, Foster) mostly various aspects material-energy man (society) proves Marx fundamental for existence society, but not only one. author, relying on entire corpus texts Marx, using methods textual analysis, extrapolation, in process unfolding socio-anthropogenic “worlds” are formed, namely world drawn into sphere activity; joint public relations interpersonal communication; material spiritual culture; inner individual. In each these people carry out certain modifications — activities reproduction culture, communication, existential world. Each forms represents varieties within types carried (labor, production), groups objective relations, emotions, likes / dislikes, knowledge, traditions, etc. communication socialization processes. From it concluded totally permeates all levels structures individual existence, linking them organic integrity universe. Because this, there totalization This radically distinguishes ecology from other ecology, since doctrine interaction society with (ecology) calls environmental protection (environmental studies), general socio-praxeological (internally connected metabolism) exist. relevance study lies fact some reconstructed ideas allow us see socio-metabolic processes occur cover permeate Therefore, problems can be solved comprehensive, systematic, total way: starting protection, rational use natural resources saving production ending sustainable what academician Dmitry Likhachev called culture.